Tracking the Trump investigations and where they stand

Donald Trump, the Republican presidential nominee, is the first former U.S. president to face criminal charges. He has been indicted in four cases and has denied wrongdoing in each. Even if Trump were convicted, he could still run for president. Here is the latest in each of Trump’s four criminal cases.

Falsifying business records case

The Manhattan district attorney charged Trump with falsifying business records in connection with hush money payments to adult-film actress Stormy Daniels during the 2016 election.

What to know

With less than two weeks to go before a scheduled March 25 trial, prosecutors suggested a 30-day delay to give Trump’s legal team time to review a new cache of additional documents.

Why it matters

The case will mark the first-ever criminal trial of a former U.S. president. Trump may also have clinched the 2024 Republican presidential nomination by the start of the proceedings. A conviction would not bar him from running or holding office.

The background

Daniels was paid $130,000 on the eve of the 2016 election to keep quiet about a sexual encounter she says they had years earlier. Trump denies the affair but has admitted to reimbursing his former lawyer, Michael Cohen, for the payments. Manhattan District Attorney Alvin Bragg alleges Trump misclassified the reimbursement payments as legal expenses when they were actually campaign expenses. Read more about the charges in the New York case.

Classified documents case

Federal prosecutors charged Trump with illegally hoarding classified documents from his presidency and conspiring with aides to cover up his actions.

What to know

U.S. District Judge Aileen M. Cannon on March 14 denied Trump’s request to toss out the case on constitutional grounds, rejecting his claims that the Espionage Act was unfairly vague when used against a former president.

Why it matters

Trump is accused of dozens of violations of national security laws that the Justice Department says jeopardized some of the nation’s most closely guarded secrets. With the additional charges, prosecutors are painting a more detailed picture of a coverup by showing how Trump and aides allegedly tried to destroy evidence in the case.

The background

A federal grand jury initially charged Trump in June with 37 counts, including willful retention of national defense secrets, obstruction of justice and conspiracy. An additional set of charges, filed on July 27, said Trump and an aide, Carlos De Oliveira, sought to delete security footage from Trump’s Mar-a-Lago estate to prevent investigators from seeing it. Trump now faces a total of 40 federal charges. Another aide, Walt Nauta, was also indicted in June, accused of helping Trump. The trial is scheduled to begin in May 2024 but could be delayed. Read the full indictment.

Federal Jan. 6 election case

Federal prosecutors charged Trump for conspiring to overturn the results of the 2020 election. He is accused of spreading claims about voter fraud that he knew to be false, then pressuring local, state and federal officials to block Joe Biden’s victory.

What to know

The Supreme Court will hold oral arguments on April 25 on Trump’s claim that he is immune from criminal prosecution on charges of trying to overturn the 2020 election while president. The justices are likely to issue a decision before the court’s term ends in late June or early July, potentially pushing Trump’s trial deep into the presidential election season. Two lower courts have rejected Trump’s immunity claim. Trump has pleaded not guilty to all four counts in the indictment.

Why it matters

The charges in the indictment are among the most serious that can be brought against a former U.S. president. The indictment accuses Trump of seeking to sabotage the peaceful transfer of power, a bedrock of American democracy.

The background

Jack Smith was tapped in November 2022 as special counsel to handle the investigation. Investigators looked into the Trump campaign’s attempts to raise money off false claims of election fraud and plans for “fake electors” who could deliver the election to Trump. The indictment lists six co-conspirators, but none of them have been charged. Read more about the government’s case against Trump.

Georgia election interference case

The district attorney in Fulton County, Ga., indicted Trump and 18 others in August in connection with their attempts to reverse Trump’s 2020 election loss in the state.

What to know

Trump faces 10 charges, including violating the state’s racketeering act and conspiring to file false documents. He initially faced 13 charges, but a judge dismissed three of the charges against him in March. Four of his co-defendants have pleaded guilty to illegally conspiring to overturn his defeat and could testify if other defendants go to trial.

Trump and his codefendants sought to disqualify Fulton County District Attorney Fani T. Willis (D) from the case, arguing she engaged in an improper relationship with Nathan Wade, the special prosecutor she appointed to lead the investigation. On March 15, the judge ruled that Willis could continue with the case but only if Wade steps aside.

Why the case matters

This is the most expansive indictment brought against Trump regarding the 2020 election. Willis used Georgia’s powerful anti-racketeering law — originally created to take down organized crime — to indict not only Trump but a network of allies who allegedly sought to help him.

The background

Willis launched the investigation more than two years ago after audio leaked from a January 2021 phone call in which Trump pressured Georgia’s Republican secretary of state to “find” the votes to reverse his loss and threatened vague criminal consequences if he refused. Read more about how Trump tried to undo his election loss.